Figure 1
From: Chromosome distribution in human sperm – a 3D multicolor banding-study
a) Scheme of a human sperm nucleus after DAPI-staining and how it presented in this study. The nucleus has a convexity where the sperm tail was attached at the cell. This convexity is shown here in exaggeration to make clear how the axial orientation of a nucleus was determined. As described in the text the sperm was divided into a central and a peripheral part, and deduced from that a head, middle and tail part could be defined. b) Examples for chromosomal positions in sperm: 1. chromosome 21 located in periphery and head of the sperm 2. chromosome 8 located in the center and head of the sperm. 3. X-chromosome located in periphery and middle of the sperm 4. chromosome 8 located in center and head of the sperm. 5. X-chromosome located in periphery and tail of the sperm. 6. X-chromosome located in center and tail of the sperm 7. chromosome 8 orientated axial 8. chromosome 10 orientated non-axial 9. chromosome 3 orientated linear 10. chromosome 11 orientated non-linear.