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Table 1 Overview of KSM cases

From: Klinefelter syndrome mosaicism in boys with neurodevelopmental disorders: a cohort study and an extension of the hypothesis

Chromosome complements

*Cell proportions (%)

Brief phenotypical overview

47,XXY/46,XY

9/91

Mild intellectual disability, disorder of sex development

47,XXY/46,XY

95/5

Severe intellectual disability, autism, congenital malformations, Klinefelter syndrome features

47,XXY/46,XY

12/88

Rett-syndrome-like phenotype

47,XXY/46,XY

7/93

Fragile X syndrome, autism

48,XXXY/50,XXXXXY/ 49,XXXXY/47,XXY

50/20/18/12

Severe intellectual disability, disorder of sex development, multiple congenital malformations

47,XXY/46,XY

4/96

Mild intellectual disability, Klinefelter syndrome features

49,XXXXY/46,XXY

91/9

Fragile X syndrome, severe intellectual disability, disorder of sex development, multiple congenital malformations

47,XXY/46XY

7/93

Rett-syndrome-like phenotype

49,XXXXY/48,XXXY/ 47,XXY

74//19/7

Severe intellectual disability, multiple congenital malformations, skeletal dysplasia

47,XXY/46,XY

91/9

Mild intellectual disability, Klinefelter syndrome features

47,XXY/46,XY

9/91

Rett-syndrome-like phenotype

47,XXY/46,XY

7/93

Rett-syndrome-like phenotype

47,XXY/46,XY

7/93

Intellectual disability, congenital malformations

47,XXY/45,X/47,XYY/46,XY

8/5/4/83

Intellectual disability, microcephaly, multiple congenital malformations

47,XXY/45,X/46,XY

13/8/79

Intellectual disability, autism, multiple congenital malformations

47,XXY/45,X/46XY

8/7/85

Intellectual disability, epilepsy, congenital heart defect (Williams-Beuren syndrome)

47,XXY/48,XXXY/46,XY

50/37/13

Intellectual disability, Klinefelter syndrome features, myopia

48,XXYY/47,XXY/46,XY

62/15/23

Intellectual disability, disorder of sex development

47,XXY/45,X/46,XY

21/18/61

Mild intellectual disability, disorder of sex development

47,XY,r(X)/46,XY

16/84

Mild intellectual disability, disorder of sex development

47,XXY/46,XY

99/1

Mild intellectual disability, Klinefelter syndrome features

49,XXXXY/47,XXY/48,XXXY

87/7/6

Severe intellectual disability, multiple congenital malformations, disorder of sex development

49,XXXXY/50,XXXXXУ/ 47,XXY

91/6/3

Intellectual disability, muscular hypotonia, obesity, disorder of sex development

48,XXYY/47,XXУ/47,XYY

95/3/2

Intellectual disability, autism, aggressive behavior, multiple congenital malformations

47,XXY/47,XYY/46XY

5/1/94

Gilbert syndrome, Mild intellectual disability, congenital malformations

47,XXY/46,XY

8/92

CDKL5-deficiency (severe intellectual disability, epilepsy)

49,XXXXY/47,XXY

91/9

Severe intellectual disability, multiple congenital malformations, congenital heart defect, disorder of sex development

47,XXY/46,XY

30/70

Rett-syndrome-like phenotype

  1. *According to FISH analysis